![]() This is particularly true for the vast literature base pertaining to sensory processing dysfunction where conceptualizations, terminology, and underlying theory may vary depending on discipline. Synthesizing an ever-expanding transdisciplinary literature that spans basic neuroscience to clinical intervention can be challenging for clinicians to interpret and use in practice. As such, three major obstacles to implementing EBP when assessing sensory processing provided the impetus for conducting this scoping review.Įxpanding Transdisciplinary Research Base. Yet, to date, no structured review has sought to identify all the potential approaches to assessment and the concepts/terminology used to explain what they are measuring for an adolescent and adult ASD population. In order to ensure EBP in assessing sensory processing in adolescence and adulthood, clinicians require knowledge of current clinical guidelines, up to date approaches to assessment (e.g., tools and techniques), and current research findings. Evidence-based practice (EBP) is considered to be the “integration of critically appraised research results with the clinical expertise, and the client’s preferences, beliefs and values”. ![]() In this age of evidence-based practice (EBP), clinicians face mounting pressure to utilize research evidence when selecting an assessment approach. Ĭlinicians who are directly involved in the assessment of the functional, affective, and social impact of sensory processing dysfunction include occupational therapists, psychologists, behavioral analysts, and psychiatrists who may use a range of assessment tools and techniques. Common tools used to diagnose ASD such as the Autism Diagnostic Observation Scale (ADOS) and Autism Diagnostic Inventory–Revised (ADI-R) contain items related to sensory processing, but do not provide specific information about the nature of the sensory processing dysfunction and their impacts on an individual’s daily life. ![]() ![]() DSM-5), identifying the presence of sensory processing dysfunction has become a key component of diagnosing ASD. Since the incorporation of sensory reactivity into the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed. This review should inform future development of international interdisciplinary clinical guidelines on sensory processing assessment in ASD across the lifespan. Contribution: A comprehensive knowledge of approaches is critical in the clinical assessment of a population characterized by symptomatic heterogeneity and wide-ranging cognitive profiles. Multi-method approaches to assessment (e.g., combining psychophysical or observation with questionnaires) may have clinical applicability to interdisciplinary clinical teams serving adolescents and adults with ASD. The Adolescent and Adult Sensory Profile (AASP) is the most widely used assessment measure ( n = 22), however, a number of other assessment approaches may demonstrate strengths specific to the ASD population. Sensory research to date has focused on individuals with high-functioning ASD, most commonly through the use of self-report questionnaires. Five categories of assessment approaches were identified: Self- and Proxy-Report Questionnaires, Psychophysical Assessment, Direct Behavioral Observation, Qualitative Interview Techniques, and Neuroimaging/EEG. Results: There were 66 articles included after article screening. Study and sample characteristics were extracted, charted, and categorized according to assessment approach. Method and Analysis: A search of scientific databases and grey literature (professional association and ASD society websites), from January 1987–May 2017, uncovered 4769 articles and 12 clinical guidelines. This review identified approaches used to measure sensory processing in the scientific literature, and to describe and compare these approaches to current best practice guidelines that can be incorporated into evidence-based practice. Despite growing evidence that sensory symptoms persist into adolescence and adulthood, there is a lack of norms for older age groups, and pediatric assessments may not target appropriate functional outcomes or environments. Yet, there is little consensus on best practice approaches to assessing sensory processing dysfunction in adolescents and adults with ASD. Sensory reactivity is a diagnostic criterion for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), and has been associated with poorer functional outcomes, behavioral difficulties, and autism severity across the lifespan.
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